With growth slowing and valuations declining, businesses badly need to extract value from their IT functions. The operative questions are, “How much?” and “How?” As CIOs choose a path, they need to determine whether they can afford to take a “through cycle” perspective, balancing short-term financial improvements and the possible impact on longer-term capabilities. They must also consider the need to act quickly to generate cash, even if such moves prove less attractive once the recession ends.

Almost all IT organizations can and should reduce IT spending in 2009. But this will be difficult. Many companies have built up complex application environments that require ongoing support. Contractual commitments to vendors can be difficult to modify. Adding to the challenge, organizations rarely agree internally on business priorities for IT.

Still, with sufficient management focus, it’s possible to cut costs dramatically and quickly. Companies can trim and rationalize demand for new applications. Existing IT capacity, like servers and storage, can be shared and application maintenance spending capped. Taking a “zero based” view of an organization (reimagining it from scratch) may help to peel away unnecessary management layers and eliminate non-value-adding functions. Meanwhile, companies can renegotiate some contracts to reflect changing market conditions...